Txoj kev npaj:
Cov kab txiav yog tangent rau cov ntoo txhua xyoo rings. Kev npaj: Ua ntej, pom tawm ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub cav, tom qab ntawd txiav lub cav raws nws txoj kab ntev. Nplej: U-zoo li (roob nplej).
B. Radial txiav:
Cov txheej txheem ntawm sawing ntoo ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 65 mus rau 90 degrees mus rau lub rings txhua xyoo (loj sawing) nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj siv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntoo. Cov txheej txheem ntoo sawing feem ntau suav nrog peb hom hauv qab no:
A. Tangent:
Qhov no yog txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv, nrog ntau yam sawing kaum.
Txoj kev npaj: Ua ntej, txiav lub cav rau hauv plaub daim, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau hauv cov laug cam. Ntoo grain yog ncaj.
Ntoo veneer:
Ntoo veneers yog nyias slices ntawm ntoo txiav rau hauv daim ntawm 0.3mm thiab 2mm tuab. Lawv yog siv rau veneers veneers, rov qab veneers, thiab lwm yam accessories (xws li dej nta, qhov rooj panels, thiab lwm yam). Lawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv rau lwm hom boards, xws li veneer thiab heartwood ntawm laminated lumber lossis plywood.
Txoj kev npaj ntoo veneer:
Ntoo veneers feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua tiaj tus - txiav thiab teb- txiav hom nyob ntawm txoj kev ua.
Pav ca- txiav ntoo veneers: (tso cai kom ua tiav cov xim, lis, thiab kev ntxhib los mos)
Kev soj ntsuam zoo:
Live knot: Tsim los ntawm ib ceg ntoo nyob. Lub pob caus yog nruj nreem txuas nrog cov ntoo ib puag ncig lossis ib feem txuas nrog cov ntoo ib puag ncig yog ntau tshaj 3/4 ntawm qhov ntev ntawm nws tus ntoo khaub lig-section. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj thiab muaj cov qauv qub.
Dead knot: Tsim los ntawm ib ceg ntoo tuag. Lub pob caus yuav txuas nrog cov ntoo ib puag ncig, lossis qhov txuas txuas tsuas yog 1/4 lossis tsawg dua ntawm qhov ntev ntawm nws tus ntoo khaub lig-section. Tej zaum nws yuav nyuaj los yog mos hauv kev ntxhib los mos, thiab qee zaum nws yuav tawg los ua kab noj hniav.
Resin capsules: lentil -zoo li kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv ntoo uas muaj los yog muaj resinous tshuaj.
Ntoo discoloration: Discoloration yog hais txog kev hloov ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntoo, thiab nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: tshuaj tua kab mob thiab fungal discoloration.
Kab qhov: Qhov thiab qhov ua hauv ntoo los ntawm woodworms los yog lawv cov larvae.
Kev lwj: Vim yog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntoo- cov kab mob lwj, cov khoom siv ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes decomposes, ua rau cov ntoo mos thiab nws lub zog thiab qhov ntom ntom. Cov qauv ntoo thiab xim feem ntau hloov.
Artificial Boards:
Nws yog tsim los ntawm crushing thiab kub pressing xyoob, ntoo thiab kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg, xws li plywood, blockboard, MDF, ntiv tes-jointed board, particleboard, thiab lwm yam. Nws khaws cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntoo ntuj, thiab tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov tsis xws ntawm cov ntoo nws tus kheej. Nws muaj qhov zoo xws li me me deformation, loj loj, du nto thiab ua tau yooj yim.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj
Qhov thib ob - txheej board yog 1800mm ntev, 960mm dav, thiab 2.5mm tuab.
Peb- txheej board, 1800mm dav, 960mm tuab, 3.5mm tuab.
Plaub- txheej board, 1800mm dav, 960mm tuab, 4.5mm tuab.
Tsib - txheej board, 1800mm dav, 960mm tuab, 8.5mm tuab.
7-txheej board, 1800mm dav, 960mm tuab, 13mm siab
plywood
Ntev 2440mm, Dav 1220mm
Thickness 12.16.19 hli
Ntev 2135mm, Dav 915mm
Fiberboard
Ntev 610mm 915mm 1220mm
Thickness 2, 3, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 25mm
Dav 1220mm 1830mm 2440mm
(Particleboard yog qhov loj tib yam li fiberboard)
xim:
Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem hauv cov rooj tog tsim khoom xws li: nitrocellulose lacquer (NC), acid-kho lacquer (AC), unsaturated resin lacquer (PE), polyurethane lacquer (PU), thiab ultraviolet (UV) curing lacquer.
I. Nitrocellulose Txheej (NC)
Nws qhuav sai. Thaum cov xim pleev xim siv sijhawm 24 teev kom qhuav, nitrocellulose lacquer dries hauv tsuas yog kaum feeb. Qhov no txuag lub sijhawm thov thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
1. NC puag thiab NC nto. Qhov no yog qhov siv ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv antique-style rooj tog (American-style tiav). Cov nyhuv yog feem ntau yog qhib lossis minimalist saib.
2. PU puag, NC nto. Qhov no yooj yim dua los daws:
3. Cov xim NC raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub zog tsis zoo, tsis txaus puv, thiab tsis txaus hardness.
II. Acid-kho coatings (AC)
Cov xim zaj duab xis yog tawv thiab hnav-resistant,
nrog kev kub siab ua haujlwm, dej tsis kam, thiab txias ua haujlwm.
III. Unsaturated Resin Txheej (PE)
Lub topcoat tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov gloss siab heev.
Nws yog hnav-resistant, acid thiab alkali resistant, kub resistant, muaj siab puv, thiab zoo anti-sagging zog. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauv cov rooj tog zaum hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab siab -cov rooj tog zaum kawg (xws li cov rooj tog zaum neoclassical).
IV. Polyurethane txheej (PU)
Nws qhia tau hais tias kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm fullness, hardness, thiab transparency, qhia tau hais tias
kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab muaj cov khoom lag luam siab ruaj khov. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv rooj sib tham rooj tog, ntawm rooj tog txuj ci thiab rooj tog peev platforms. Fifthly, nws yog ib qho ultraviolet (UV) curing txheej.
Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau environmentally phooj ywg xim ntau yam tam sim no muaj, nrog
cov ntsiab lus siab heev, zoo hardness, siab transparency,
thiab zoo heev tiv taus yellowing. Nws kuj muaj lub sijhawm ua kom ntev.
Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj nqi qis qis (feem ntau yog ib nrab ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov pa luam yeeb), thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo yog kaum ob npaug ntawm cov pa luam yeeb.
Hardware accessories:
Hardware accessories classification
Kov, pob khawm, swb rail, peb -hauv- ib qho txuas, ntsia hlau, txiv ntseej, ciaj ntswj, ntxhua khaub ncaws, nuv phaj, qib, qhov rooj clip, lub kaum sab xis hlau, rub, yas npog, ntoo stopper, iav buckle, ntxig, txuas daim, ko taw ntsia thawv, thiab lwm yam.
Hardware accessories khoom classification
Wood ua, zinc alloy ua, stainless hlau ua, hlau ua, tooj liab ua, iav ua, acrylic ua, thiab lwm yam.
Hardware xim kev faib tawm
chrome plating, zinc plating, bronze plating, iridescent plating, nyiaj plating, kub plating, npib tsib xee plating, thiab lwm yam.
Kev ceev faj zoo
Nws muaj lub siab zoo, thiab nws cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, lub zog compressive, tensile lub zog, thiab elasticity ua tau raws li cov qauv xav tau.
Kev kho saum npoo yuav tsum xeb- pov thawj, tshav kub- tiv taus, thiab corrosion- tiv taus.
Cov xim electroplating zoo ib yam, tsis muaj khawb, cim, stains, watermarks, burrs, los yog tev.
Thaum ua tes, xyuam xim rau qhov chaw nyob deb thiab qhov sib nrug, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov specifications thiab qhov ntev ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Nco ntsoov cov khoom hloov pauv; nws yuav tsum nyob twj ywm thiab txav mus los ywj siab.
Tawv:
Artificial tawv:
Commonly known as spun leather, it is classified into two types according to thickness: Type I (0.9~1.5 mm) and Type II (>1.5 hli). Tawv tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov qauv thiab textures, thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau zoo, txawm grain, uniform xim, thiab ib tug nto tsis muaj khawb thiab tawg.
Cov tawv tawv yog tsim los ntawm siab- cov yas molecular xws li PVC, PE, thiab PP los ntawm tshuab moulding zaj duab xis thiab tom qab ntawd coated nrog ntau yam xim xim. Rau cov tawv tawv siv hauv sofas thiab cov rooj zaum tig, qhov siab ntawm kev mloog yog them rau kev xav; nws yuav tsum du, mos, elastic, thiab tsw. Lub sijhawm tawg yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 80%, thiab nws yuav tsum tsis txhob yooj yim ploj mus, lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov xim nrawm rau txhuam yuav tsum ncav cuag qib 4.3 lossis siab dua.
Ntuj tawv:
Natural tawv feem ntau yog hais txog ntau yam tsiaj nkaum uas tau ua tiav. Tam sim no, cowhide yog thawj hom tawv siv hauv rooj tog. Nws cov tsos ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau tib yam li cov tawv tawv, tab sis nws lub zog tensile thiab lub zog tsim kua muag zoo dua. Qhov tsis zoo yog cov qauv tsis sib xws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov tawv nqaij tawv nqaij, thiab muaj cov caws pliav ntawm cov npoo. Cov tawv nqaij nyob ib ncig ntawm cov caws pliav no zoo li tsis zoo elasticity. Cov tawv nqaij ntuj kuj raug cais los ntawm cov tuab rau sab saum toj - nplej thiab cais tawv. Sab saum toj- tawv tawv yog txheej txheej ntawm cov tsiaj nkaum, nrog zoo elasticity thiab softness, thiab yog kim dua, nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 0.8 thiab 1.5 hli. Split tawv yog txheej txheej ntawm cov tsiaj nkaum tom qab txheej txheej tau raug tshem tawm, nrog lub thickness ntawm 2.8 mus rau 3.5 hli. Nws muaj elasticity tsis zoo tab sis lub zog zoo, nrog lub zog tensile tshaj 200 N / m².
Npuag:
Synthetic fiber ntau:
Muaj cuaj pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws: polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, polyurea, polyoxymethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, thiab fluorinated fibers. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov khoom siv hluavtaws yog tsim los ntawm kev sib tw thiab xaws cov cuaj hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer (uas yog nyob rau tib qeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw li yas). Cov kev ntsuas zoo rau tag nrho cov khoom siv hluavtaws fiber ntau yog fineness, lub zog, resilience, noo noo nqus, thiab pib modulus; thawj plaub yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsis zoo.
Rau cov neeg siv, cov lus nug ntawm lub sijhawm twg thiab cov xwm txheej twg cov khoom siv tsim nyog rau txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj noo noo nqus: polypropylene, vinylon, polyester. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsim nyog rau cov huab cua ntub thiab thaj chaw.
Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cua sov zoo: polyester thiab acrylic (polyacrylonitrile). Cov ntaub ntawv no tsim nyog rau qhov chaw sov thiab siab - qhov chaw ua haujlwm kub.
Cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo: acrylic, vinylon, polyester, haum rau cov khoom siv sab nraum zoov, xws li cov rooj zaum puam.
Cov khoom siv nrog alkali tsis kam: polyamide fiber, polypropylene fiber, thiab chlorofiber (polyvinyl chloride fiber).
Cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov kua qaub zoo: acrylic, polypropylene, polyester
Tsis tuaj yeem ua pwm: ua los ntawm vinylon, polyester, thiab polyamide fibers, haum rau qhov chaw ntub dej.
Cov ntaub ntawv nrog zoo abrasion tsis kam: chlorofiber, polypropylene, vinylon, polyester, polyamide fiber
Cov ntaub ntawv nrog zoo elongation: Chlorinated fiber, Vinylon
Raws li kev txheeb xyuas saum toj no, cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau cov rooj zaum hauv tsev muaj xws li vinylon, chlorofiber, polypropylene, thiab polyamide. Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj lub teeb tsis zoo yuav tsum tsis txhob siv sab nraum zoov, txwv tsis pub lawv lub neej yuav luv heev.
Natural fiber ntaub:
Natural fibers muaj xws li paj rwb, linen, ntaub plaub, thiab asbestos fibers. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog paj rwb thiab linen yog tsim rau rooj tog. Ntuj fibers fabrics yog yus muaj los ntawm lawv ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, zoo tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev, thiab zoo abrasion kuj. Paj rwb thiab linen muaj alkali tsis kam, tab sis linen muaj cov kua qaub tsis zoo, thiab cov ntaub plaub muaj qhov tsis zoo lightfastness. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov khoom raws li cov yam ntxwv no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim.
Natural fibers yog me ntsis kim dua li hluavtaws fiber ntau.
kua nplaum:
Cov khoom siv rooj tog siv ntau hom nplaum, thiab kev xaiv cov nplaum tsim nyog muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog durability. Adhesives tau categorized los ntawm lawv cov hnyav hom rau hauv dej -raws li adhesives thiab hnyav-raws li adhesives.
Dej -raws li nplaum:
Dej-raws li cov nplaum nplaum yog cov nplaum uas nws cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv cov ntsiab lus nrog dej. Lawv yog siv rau kev sib txuas hluav taws xob- cov boards tiv taus rau plywood lossis particleboard hauv cov rooj tog, thiab rau kev sib txuas ntawm ntau hom boards, xws li kev sib txuas MDF rau honeycomb ntawv cores hauv qhov rooj. Lawv cov yam ntxwv suav nrog tus nqi qis thiab kev phooj ywg zoo ib puag ncig, tab sis lub sijhawm sib koom ua ke thiab kho lub sijhawm ntev dua 4 teev. Lub voj voog ntau lawm yog qhov ntev, tab sis kev tsim khoom yog yooj yim, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv los ntawm txhuam los yog so.
Dej-raws li cov nplaum nplaum muaj lub voj voog ua haujlwm ntev, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev txiav txim sai. Ntawm qhov tod tes, phau ntawv thov yog qhov tsis sib xws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem zoo xws li bubbling thiab localized deformation.
Solvent nplaum:
Tam sim no, cov kuab tshuaj-raws li cov nplaum yog tsim los siv benzene- cov kuab tshuaj dawb. Lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplaum yog cob thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv polymer. Nws lub tack thiab kho lub sij hawm sai dua dej -raws li cov nplaum. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ntawm rab phom txau, yog li txuag lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog thiab ua kom cov ntaub nplaum zoo ib yam.
Tam sim no, cov tshuaj nplaum yog siv rau kev sib txuas cov ntxaij vab tshaus los tshuaj ntsuam cov ntaub, thiab rau kev sib txuas cov rooj zaum thiab rooj zaum ua npuas ncauj rau cov ntaub, tso cai rau kev tso tam sim lossis kev teeb tsa tom qab txau.
Cov nplaum nplaum feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv ntoo rau kev sib txuas cov khoom ntoo (xws li lub rooj zaum ob txhais ceg thiab thav duab) thiab cov rooj sib txoos thiab cov veneers.
Cov kuab tshuaj-raws li adhesives kho txawv ntawm dej-raws li cov nplaum. Cov tom kawg kho los ntawm kev tso dej kom evaporate, thaum lub qub feem ntau kho los ntawm kev ua ntawm oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los yog los ntawm lub sab hauv molecules cua sov los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm oxygen.
Thaum siv cov kuab tshuaj-raws li cov nplaum rau cov ntaub so ntswg, cov paj rwb zoo li, lossis cov ntaub sib txawv, yuav tsum xaiv cov qauv sib txawv, feem ntau vim tias cov ntaub ntawv no kuj yog cov polymers. Kev siv yam tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau delamination, bubbling, thiab lub cev qhuav dej. Ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj adhesion yog yuav tsum tau: ib puag ncig kub tsis kam (siab thiab tsis kub) thiab huab cua tsis kam (xws li, UV aging). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kuab tshuaj-raws li cov nplaum tau muab faib ua cov nplaum nplaum, hlau nplaum, thiab iav- hlau nplaum, thiab lwm yam.